Criminal Procedure – Delay in Compliance of Supreme Court Order – Jurisdiction of Trial Court – Supreme Court had directed the Judicial Magistrate, 4th Court, Alipore to dispose of case AC-2053/2017 within six weeks from order dated 18.01.2024 – Judicial Magistrate, upon failing to conclude trial in time, passed order on 19.03.2024 declaring loss of jurisdiction due to laps...
Criminal Procedure – Legal Aid – Denial of Effective Assistance – High Court dismissed appeal of accused under NDPS Act in absence of legal aid counsel – Counsel appointed by Legal Aid Committee failed to appear – No substitute counsel or Amicus Curiae appointed – Held: Serious procedural lapse – Accused denied meaningful opportunity of defence – Hig...
Dowry Death – Section 304B IPC – Presumption under Section 113B Evidence Act – Appellant convicted for causing death of wife by poison four years after marriage – Prosecution relied on general allegations of harassment due to infertility and dowry insufficiency – No specific evidence of dowry demand or cruelty “soon before death” – Held: Prosecution ...
Juvenile Justice – Determination of Age – Appellant convicted under Sections 302 and 452 IPC for murder committed on 01.08.1993 – Contended that he was a juvenile (below 18 years) at the time of offence – Held: As per Juvenile Justice Act, 1986, age limit for male juveniles was 16 years – Since appellant was over 16 at time of offence, he was not a juvenile under the ...
Criminal Law – Rape Conviction – Downgrade to Outraging Modesty – Appellant originally convicted under Section 376AB IPC and Section 6 of POCSO Act for allegedly sexually assaulting a girl under 12 – Victim’s consistent statements under Section 164 Cr.P.C., her deposition during trial, and medical evidence did not establish penetration – Allegations limited to t...
Criminal Law – Drugs and Cosmetics Act – Quashing of FIR – FIR registered by police under Section 13 of the D&C Act pursuant to Magistrate’s order under Section 156(3) Cr.P.C. – Held: Only authorities specified under Section 32 of D&C Act (Drug Inspector etc.) can initiate prosecution – Police has no jurisdiction to register FIR – FIR under D&C...
Criminal Law – NDPS Act – Remand Extension – Violation of Article 21 – Accused not produced physically or virtually during hearing of extension application under Section 36A(4) of the NDPS Act – Held: Failure to ensure presence of the accused during such hearing constitutes gross illegality and violates fundamental right to fair procedure under Article 21 of the Const...
Criminal Procedure – Revision – Right of Hearing – Section 401(2) CrPC – Magistrate had taken cognizance and proceeded under Section 200 CrPC after rejecting prayer for police investigation under Section 156(3) – High Court reversed that order in revision filed by complainant without notice to the appellant – Held: Even at pre-summoning stage, where Magistrate h...
Negotiable Instruments – Dishonour of Cheque – Notice – Service Not Proved – Two post-dated cheques of Rs.4 lakhs and Rs.8 lakhs issued by respondent towards repayment of alleged loan – Cheques dishonoured for insufficient funds – Complaints filed under Section 138 NI Act – Magistrate convicted accused – Appellate court reversed conviction, holding t...
Anticipatory Bail – Modification of Conditions – Judicial Propriety – Respondent No. 1 accused in 31 criminal cases involving serious financial offences under IPC and BUDS Act – High Court granted anticipatory bail subject to condition not to leave India without prior permission – During pendency of SLP challenging said bail order, respondent filed application before ...