Background of Property Dispute – Respondent filed O.S.No.55 of 2018 for a permanent injunction to restrain petitioner from interfering with her possession of agricultural land, setting specific boundaries in the plaint, which were later sought to be amended due to claimed typographical errors - Petitioner opposed, asserting boundaries were fabricated and could not be amended post trial commencement. [Para 1-4]

Trial Court's Decision – Allowed amendment application filed by the respondent under I.A.No.816 of 2023 despite petitioner's objection that such amendments post-trial commencement are barred by the proviso to Order VI Rule 17 C.P.C. unless due diligence could not have identified the need for amendment prior. [Para 5]

Legal Argument and Court's Assessment – Petitioner argued amendment barred post-trial, not meeting due diligence requirement - Respondent cited inadvertent error, not detectable by due diligence, aligning partly with petitioner's boundaries - Court found the amendment justified as it corrected a typographical error and both parties agreed on Southern boundary, while Northern boundary differed slightly between parties. [Paras 6-12]

High Court's Ruling – Affirmed trial court's decision, stating the amendment met criteria under Order VI Rule 17 C.P.C., and no prejudice to petitioner was evident - Civil revision petition dismissed, no order as to costs. [Paras 12-13]

Petition under Section 378(3) of the Cr.P.C. by Tata Power Delhi Distribution Limited against the acquittal of the respondent in case involving alleged electricity theft under Sections 135, 138, and 150 of the Electricity Act – High Court upholds acquittal, finding that the trial court correctly identified flaws in the forensic report and expert testimony – High Court concludes that petitioner failed to establish dishonest intent required under the Electricity Act beyond a reasonable doubt. [Paras 1, 12, 40-41]

Electricity Theft Allegations – Analysis of the trial court's evaluation of expert forensic testimony regarding a burnt electric meter – High Court agrees with trial court's judgment that expert testimony was unreliable and lacked scientific basis, thus failing to prove that the respondent dishonestly caused the meter to burn – Emphasis on burden of proof resting on the prosecution to establish guilt beyond a reasonable doubt, which was not met. [Paras 12, 27-33]

Burden of Proof and Expert Testimony – Discussion on the application of Sections 105 and 106 of the Indian Evidence Act – High Court finds that the prosecution did not adequately prove respondent's dishonest action, and expert witness was not competent in electrical engineering, undermining the prosecution's case – High Court rules that unreliable and unscientific expert testimony cannot solely determine the outcome of a theft allegation. [Paras 15-17, 27-28, 37-38]

Decision – Upholding of Trial Court’s Acquittal – High Court finds no perversity in trial court's judgment and concludes that the factual findings of the trial court were neither improbable nor implausible – Leave to appeal against acquittal dismissed, confirming the trial court’s decision in favor of the respondent. [Paras 39-41]

Interim Compensation under Section 143A NI Act – Questions on Discretionary Nature – Various petitions filed challenging orders of Metropolitan Magistrates directing the petitioners to pay interim compensation ranging from 10% to 12% of dishonoured cheque amounts - The petitions dispute the interpretation and application of Section 143A of the NI Act concerning its mandatory or discretionary nature - Impugned orders issued by lower courts viewed Section 143A as mandatory, requiring revision in light of Supreme Court precedent emphasizing its discretionary nature [Paras 1-30]

Corporate Responsibility and Personal Liability – Issues regarding the personal liability of directors and authorized signatories under Section 141 of the NI Act - Examination of whether such individuals can be deemed 'drawers of the cheque' for the purposes of Section 143A - High Court clarifies the distinction, noting that liability for interim compensation specifically rests with the drawer of the cheque, and corporate directors or signatories cannot be automatically held liable under Section 143A without direct involvement [Paras 22-26]

Judicial Assessment and Application of Law – High Court critical of lower courts' failure to consider relevant factors such as existing securities (flats) and the financial state of the accused while ordering interim compensation - The necessity for courts to consider the entirety of circumstances and financial distress of the accused highlighted [Paras 19-21, 28-29]

Decision – High Court sets aside the impugned orders from lower courts, providing relief to the petitioners from the directed interim compensations due to misapplication of the legal provisions - Emphasis on judicial discretion and proper application of legal principles in interim compensation orders [Para 29]

Interim Compensation under Section 143A NI Act – Questions on Discretionary Nature – Various petitions filed challenging orders of Metropolitan Magistrates directing the petitioners to pay interim compensation ranging from 10% to 12% of dishonoured cheque amounts - The petitions dispute the interpretation and application of Section 143A of the NI Act concerning its mandatory or discretionary nature - Impugned orders issued by lower courts viewed Section 143A as mandatory, requiring revision in light of Supreme Court precedent emphasizing its discretionary nature [Paras 1-30]

Corporate Responsibility and Personal Liability – Issues regarding the personal liability of directors and authorized signatories under Section 141 of the NI Act - Examination of whether such individuals can be deemed 'drawers of the cheque' for the purposes of Section 143A - High Court clarifies the distinction, noting that liability for interim compensation specifically rests with the drawer of the cheque, and corporate directors or signatories cannot be automatically held liable under Section 143A without direct involvement [Paras 22-26]

Judicial Assessment and Application of Law – High Court critical of lower courts' failure to consider relevant factors such as existing securities (flats) and the financial state of the accused while ordering interim compensation - The necessity for courts to consider the entirety of circumstances and financial distress of the accused highlighted [Paras 19-21, 28-29]

Decision – High Court sets aside the impugned orders from lower courts, providing relief to the petitioners from the directed interim compensations due to misapplication of the legal provisions - Emphasis on judicial discretion and proper application of legal principles in interim compensation orders [Para 29]

Service Law - Seniority Dispute in Railway Protection Force –Consolidated Writ Petitions – Involves reevaluation of seniority lists affecting several petitioners with similar legal issues and facts. Seniority perturbed by the issuance of provisional combined seniority list and an earlier order, both of which are challenged. Held that redrawing seniority based on these actions is inappropriate without valid reasons, thus, both actions are quashed. [Paras 1, 16, 22, 32-35]

Rule Application and Seniority – Discussion of Rule 99.2 and Rule 99.2A of RPF Rules – Held that neither rule directly impacts the resolution of the present seniority issue. The court emphasizes the importance of stability in seniority and promotions already granted, pointing out the lack of justification for the recent adjustments made by the authorities. [Paras 14, 17, 34]

Legitimate Expectation and Retrospective Changes – Court acknowledges the legitimate expectation of petitioners based on past promotions and consistent seniority. Criticizes attempts to retrospectively alter seniority, causing potential prejudice and disruptions among personnel. Relies on precedents about legitimate expectations and settled seniority. [Paras 23, 24, 27, 30]

Decision – sets aside the contested seniority list and related orders, allows for the issuance of a new list if necessary, in accordance with law, ensuring no retrospective adjustments that unsettle established seniority. The judgments clarifies the non-applicability of cited rules to the specific circumstances of the case. [Paras 32, 33, 35]

Interim Compensation Under Section 143A NI Act – Discretion of Trial Court - Petitions filed challenging orders mandating interim compensation under Section 143A NI Act - Contested nature of "mandatory" versus "discretionary" powers of the court examined in detail - Supreme Court's interpretation underscores discretionary exercise by trial courts - Factors such as financial distress of the accused to be considered - Petitioners argued existing security (flats) sufficient and trial against them in the absence of the company (drawer of the cheques) inappropriate [Paras 5-9, 17-29].

Legal Proceedings and Obligations - Background of commercial agreements leading to financial disputes detailed - Multiple legal actions including contempt and execution petitions noted - Complaints under Section 138 NI Act for cheque dishonor initiated subsequent to failure in adhering to consent terms [Paras 4, 14-16].

Company and Directors' Liability - Applicability of Section 143A of NI Act to Directors – Legal Clarification – Held – Section 143A mandates the payment of interim compensation only by the drawer of the cheque. The directors or signatories of a company are not considered the 'drawer' under Section 138 of the NI Act, which attributes liability for cheque dishonor. High Court confirmed that directors and other officers deemed guilty under Section 141 are not required to pay interim compensation as they are not the actual drawer of the cheque. [Paras 22-27]

Decision: High Court sets aside the impugned orders mandating interim compensation - Held that orders were premised on an incorrect understanding of the law and failure to consider relevant factors for passing orders under Section 143A NI Act [Paras 28-29].

Factual Background – Instigation and Abetment of Suicide – FIR No. 294/2023 registered against Aarushi Gupta and Rishab Nayyar alleging instigation and abetment of suicide - Alleged victims were involved in a scuffle with the deceased, who later committed suicide - Accusations include serious verbal insults and threats - Evidence includes suicide note naming both applicants and other communications [Paras 1-9].

Legal Arguments – Defense and Prosecution – Defense argued the lack of direct evidence linking applicants to the act of suicide and highlighted flaws in the suicide note's timeline - Prosecution emphasized the severity of the verbal abuse and the direct naming in the suicide note [Paras 10-24].

Legal Analysis – Requirements for Section 306 IPC – Justice Amit Mahajan outlined the necessary legal standards for abetment to suicide, including the requirement for active instigation - Reviewed relevant case law illustrating the need for direct and active participation in encouraging suicide [Paras 25-34].

Decision – Bail Granted – Court granted bail, finding insufficient evidence of direct instigation by applicants - Highlighted the importance of not extending custodial interrogation when cooperation with investigation is evident - Set bail conditions including restricted travel and mandatory cooperation with ongoing investigations [Paras 35-42].

Service Law – Withholding of Pension – Petitioner challenged orders dated August 19, 2019, and January 17, 2020, which imposed a penalty of withholding 10% monthly pension for a year and dismissed the appeal against the penalty respectively – High Court held that the penalty was justified due to petitioner's supervisory lapses and failure to report illegal sale of surplus cement – The decision was based on disciplinary proceedings that were revived post petitioner's reinstatement after initial removal from service [Paras 1-24, 32-42].

Promotion – Sealed Cover Procedure – Petitioner sought promotion in compliance with earlier court orders – High Court upheld that the review Departmental Promotion Committee (DPC) proceedings were rightly kept in a sealed cover due to pending disciplinary proceedings – DPC findings were not to be acted upon following the penalty imposition, and promotion claims were not automatic but subject to DPC review post penalty period [Paras 25-27, 44-47].

Jurisdiction – Review of Penalty – High Court emphasized its limited jurisdiction under Article 226 to interfere with departmental inquiry outcomes – It cannot reappreciate evidence but can only ensure procedural compliance and absence of arbitrariness – Petitioner's acceptance of penalty precluded further claims on promotion or benefits as per statutory and judicial principles [Paras 43, 48-49].

Decision: Writ Petition dismissed – High Court upheld the penalty of withholding 10% monthly pension for one year – Petitioner's claims for promotion and additional benefits rejected due to procedural adherence and statutory limitations on appeals against Presidential Orders [Paras 49-50].

Deceptive Similarity – Pharmaceutical Trademarks – Appellant challenged the interim injunction granted against use of "INDAMET" – Claimed that "ISTAMET" and "INDAMET" are not deceptively similar – Court held stringent scrutiny applies to pharmaceutical products due to potential health risks – Injunction upheld based on structural and phonetic similarity, likelihood of consumer confusion [Paras 50-63]. 

Dominant Feature – Anti-Dissection Rule – Sun Pharma's registration for "ISTAMET XR CP" was scrutinized – Court identified "ISTAMET" as the dominant feature, disregarding generic terms "XR" and "CP" – Argument to exclude suffix "MET" was rejected as it would lead to artificial dissection of the mark [Paras 64-66]. 

Mode of Administration – Court rejected the appellant's argument regarding different modes of administration (oral vs. inhalation) – Noted that the possibility of consumer confusion remains, irrespective of administration method – Highlighted the necessity to avoid confusion, especially in pharmaceuticals [Paras 68-69]. 

Public Health and Safety – Emphasized that confusing pharmaceutical trademarks pose serious health risks – Court cited precedents underscoring the need for heightened scrutiny in medicinal product cases – Public interest supports a lesser degree of proof for establishing confusing similarity [Paras 51-58]. 

Third Party Trademarks – Appellant's reference to other trademarks with similar suffixes was dismissed – Court maintained that "MET" cannot be removed from the assessment of similarity – Recognized the dominant features as "ISTAMET" and "INDAMET" [Paras 74-75]. 

Decision: 

Appeal dismissed – Injunction against Glenmark Pharmaceuticals upheld – Interim order vacated – Findings are prima facie and do not affect the merits of the case [Paras 76-77].