Dishonored Cheque and Conviction Challenge - Accused petitioner appeals against conviction and sentence imposed by the trial court and confirmed by the Sessions Court for offense under Section 138 of the N.I Act - Accused contends cheque was not issued for legally enforceable debt and challenges the signature's authenticity on the cheque - Petition filed under Section 397 r/w 401 of Cr.P.C. [Para 1, 14, 16]

Signature Authenticity Dispute - Accused denies signature on dishonored cheque, which was returned for 'Stop Payment' - Complainant failed to prove the signature on the cheque was of the accused, a key element not addressed by the trial and appellate court [Paras 14, 16]

Financial Capacity of Complainant Questioned - Accused questions complainant's capacity to lend Rs.4,15,000 - Complainant's failure to prove financial capacity to lend the said amount - High Court considers this aspect significant, especially as the loan was allegedly given in cash [Paras 20, 21]

Decision - High Court sets aside the trial court and Sessions Court's orders, acquitting the accused under Section 138 of N.I Act - Noted failure of complainant to prove signature authenticity and financial capacity - Bail bond of accused discharged [Paras 22, (i)-(iv)]

Criminal Revision Petition – Dishonor of Cheque – Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act – Accused, a land developer, convicted for cheque dishonour under Section 138 of N.I Act by the trial court, and confirmed by the Sessions Court – Revision petition filed by the accused challenging the conviction and sentence. [Para 1, 9-10, 20]

Complaint Background – Accused sold land to complainant; disputes arose regarding the land – Accused agreed to provide an alternative site or repay Rs. 60 lakhs – Issued a cheque for Rs. 20 lakhs, which was dishonoured due to insufficient funds – Legal notice issued to accused, who neither repaid the amount nor responded to the notice. [Para 3, 3.1]

Trial Proceedings and Evidence – Accused contested the matter, but the trial court convicted him based on the evidence presented by the complainant and the nature of the dishonoured cheque. [Para 4-5, 9]

Defence Claims – Accused alleged no legally recoverable debt and claimed the cheque was stolen – Trial and Sessions Courts rejected these claims as unsubstantiated. [Para 11, 11.1, 17-18]

Court’s Analysis and Decision – High Court found no merit in the accused's arguments – Upheld trial court and Sessions Court's findings that the accused was liable for the dishonoured cheque – Petition dismissed, and conviction and sentence confirmed. [Para 16-20]

Dishonored Cheque and Legal Notice Service Dispute – Conviction under Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act for dishonoring a cheque worth Rs.60,300 – Petitioner's argument on incorrect service of legal notice and incorrect address in the legal notice and complaint – Trial and Appellate Courts' judgments upheld by High Court. [Paras 3, 7, 13-14, 17-21]

Address Verification and Presumption under Law – High Court upholds presumption under Section 114(e) of the Indian Evidence Act and Section 27 of the General Clauses Act regarding the service of notice – Endorsements on RPAD cover and postal authorities' remarks considered valid – Accused's failure to rebut prosecution evidence or provide contrary proof of residence. [Paras 16-19]

Minor Contradictions in Complaint Details – High Court notes minor contradictions in the complaint regarding the date of loan and cheque issuance – Such contradictions deemed not significant enough to affect the case, as per precedent set in P. RASIYA v. ABDUL NAZER AND ANOTHER. [Para 20]

Revision Petition Dismissed – Petition challenging conviction and sentence under Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881, dismissed – Conviction and order of sentence by lower courts confirmed – Accused directed to deposit the remaining fine amount within 30 days. [Paras 1, 21-22]

Legal Battle Over Marital Status – Dispute regarding the legal wife of late K.T. Ramakrishnan Nambiar, a Village Officer – Two women, A.K.Radhamani and T.Rema, claim to be his legitimate wives – Family Court's decision to recognize A.K.Radhamani as the legal wife and A.K.Rajeevan as the legitimate son challenged in the appeal. [Paras 1, 2, 8-11, 14, 26]

Judicial Scrutiny of Marriages and Legitimacy – Analysis of oral and documentary evidence regarding two alleged marriages of Ramakrishnan Nambiar – Consideration of Hindu marriage customs and legal implications of bigamy under Hindu Marriage Act – Emphasis on ceremonies like garlanding, exchange of rings, and sari presentation in determining the validity of first marriage with A.K.Radhamani. [Paras 8-12, 19]

Rejection of Second Marriage Claim – Court finds subsequent marriage of Ramakrishnan Nambiar to T.Rema during the subsistence of his first marriage void – Cohabitation and existence of children from second marriage do not confer legitimacy due to prior valid marriage. [Paras 14, 21-25]

Maintainability of Suit in Family Court – Family Court's jurisdiction upheld for cases involving marital status and legitimacy declarations under Section 7 of the Family Courts Act, 1984. [Paras 6, 7]

Dismissal of Appeal – High Court upholds Family Court's decision recognizing A.K.Radhamani as the legal wife and A.K.Rajeevan as the legitimate son of Ramakrishnan Nambiar – Appeal by T.Rema and her children dismissed. [Paras 26]

Jurisdictional Challenge and Prayer for Quashing – Petitioner challenges the jurisdiction of the District Munsif cum Judicial Magistrate and the subsequent cognizance taken by the Special Court under the Electricity Act in the alleged electricity theft case – Seeks quashing of proceedings in Spl.C.C.No.3 of 2018 under Section 482 Cr.P.C. [Paras 5, 15-17]

Allegation of Electricity Theft – Petitioner accused of stealing electricity from a free agricultural service connection for his ice factory – Investigation and charges under Section 135(1)(a) of the Electricity Act, 2003 – Estimated theft of 3,30,180 units causing a loss of Rs.33,84,345/- to TANGEDCO. [Paras 3-4]

Defense Arguments – Petitioner contends the impossibility of using an agricultural connection for industrial purposes, cites jurisdictional errors in investigation and proceedings, and challenges the application of Section 135 instead of Section 126 of the Electricity Act, 2003. [Para 5]

Prosecution's and Respondent's Submission – Emphasis on multiple previous offenses by the petitioner, the due process followed in investigation, and the applicability of Section 135(1)(e) of the Electricity Act, 2003 for theft of electricity. [Para 6-7]

Court's Analysis and Decision – Court finds prima facie evidence supporting the applicability of Section 135 of the Electricity Act, 2003 – Dismisses the petition for lack of merit and irregularities in the procedure, and directs the Special Court to dispose of the case by 26th April 2024. [Paras 8-18]

Criminal Original Petition – Quashing of Proceedings – Petition under Section 482 of Cr.P.C. to quash proceedings in C.C.No.81 of 2019 at the Judicial Magistrate, Bodinayakanur – Petitioner/sole accused seeking to quash the criminal case against him on grounds of being baseless and filed with malafide intent. [Para 1, 3]

Property Dispute and Criminal Allegations – Dispute over property ownership leading to criminal allegations – Original property owner's legal heirs involved in partition suit (O.S.No.148 of 2014) – Petitioner, a tenant, regularly depositing rent – Respondent's purchase of property during the pendency of the suit and subsequent alleged trespassing and damage to petitioner's property – Counter-complaints filed by both parties leading to multiple criminal cases. [Para 3, 6-7]

Judicial Cognizance and Application of Law – Challenge to the manner of taking cognizance by the Judicial Magistrate under Section 200 of Cr.P.C. – Petitioner's argument on the necessity of an affidavit in 156(3) petition as per Priyanka Srivastava's case – Judicial Magistrate's decision to record a statement instead of requiring an affidavit considered sufficient. [Para 6, 9]

Assessment of Complaint's Validity – Examination of the validity of the respondent's complaint and the legal basis for the Judicial Magistrate's cognizance – Analysis of the respondent's possession claims and suppression of material facts in the complaint – Determination of the complaint as false and filed with ulterior motives. [Para 8-9]

Application of Bhajan Lal's Guidelines – Reference to State of Haryana and Others v. Bhajan Lal for parameters to quash prosecution – Case fitting under the 5th parameter of Bhajan Lal's guidelines, highlighting the absurdity and improbability of the allegations against the petitioner. [Para 10-11]

Decision – Quashing of Proceedings in C.C.No.81 of 2019 – Criminal Original Petition allowed, leading to quashing of proceedings against the petitioner on grounds of being an abuse of the process of law and based on improbable allegations – Connected Miscellaneous Petition also closed. [Para 12]

Criminal Law - Writ - Convict Seeking Education Opportunity – Petitioner, a life convict, seeks permission to join LLB course at KMCT Law College and to complete admission process – Also requests for emergency leave to attend the college for this purpose. [Para 1]

Educational Rights of Convicts – Acknowledging reformation as a key objective of criminal jurisprudence, the petitioner asserts his right to education while incarcerated, challenging the traditional confines of prison rules. [Paras 4, 14]

Opposition by College Authorities – Fourth respondent (college) resists admission of convict citing potential disciplinary issues, minority institution rights as per T.M.A. Pai Foundation v. State of Karnataka, and UGC regulations prohibiting online law courses. [Paras 6, 11]

Legal Precedent and Equality – Reference to Pattakka Suresh Babu v. State of Kerala, where life convicts were allowed online education – Arguments of discrimination by the college as they had admitted another convict under similar circumstances. [Paras 8, 11]

Fundamental Rights and Reformation – Emphasis on the fundamental rights of convicts, including the right to education as a pathway to rehabilitation and reformation, overriding objections of the college. [Paras 13, 14]

Decision – Court directs the college to admit the petitioner for the LLB course and arrange for his online education – Provision for escort leave for necessary physical presence for admission formalities, acknowledging the unique circumstances and the principle of reformation. [Paras 16, 17]

Custody of Minor – Guardianship Dispute – Appeal against the order of First Additional District Judge, Waraseoni, rejecting the application for custody of the minor son under Section 25 of Guardians and Wards Act, 1890 – Trial court's decision based on the welfare of the child, considering the conduct of the appellant and the ability of maternal grandparents to provide care. [Paras 1, 4]

Welfare of Minor – Paramount Consideration – Emphasis on the welfare of the minor as the paramount consideration in custody matters – Reference to Section 6 of the Hindu Minority and Guardianship Act, 1956, and Section 19(b) of the Guardians and Wards Act, 1890 – Decision based on the welfare of the child rather than the legal right of the parents. [Paras 8, 9, 10, 11]

Preference of the Minor – Consideration of the minor's preference in custody matters – Section 17(3) of the Guardians and Wards Act, 1890, acknowledging the importance of the minor's preference if old enough to form an intelligent decision – The minor's desire to live with the maternal grandfather respected. [Paras 11, 12, 13, 15]

Judicial Observations and Precedents – Reference to Supreme Court judgments emphasizing the welfare and best interests of the minor as the paramount concern in custody disputes – Factors influencing the decision include the minor's welfare, upbringing, educational opportunities, and overall growth. [Paras 14, 16, 17]

Decision Upheld – High Court upholds the decision of the First Additional District Judge, Waraseoni – Custody of the minor to remain with the maternal grandfather, considering the minor's welfare and preference – Appellant's appeal dismissed, but the option to seek modification in future based on changed circumstances remains open. [Paras 17, 18, 19]

Factual Background and Trial Court Proceedings - Applicant-Appellant, engaged in the timber business, alleged that the respondent issued a cheque which was dishonoured due to 'Exceeds Arrangement' - Legal notice issued, but payment not made, leading to the complaint under Section 138 of the NI Act - Trial court acquitted the respondent-accused, finding that the presumption under Section 139 of the NI Act was successfully rebutted [Paras 1-4].

Appellant’s Contention - Appellant contested the trial court's judgment, arguing that the respondent did not rebut the presumption under Section 139 of the NI Act and failed to provide evidence for his claim in the statement recorded under Section 313 of the Cr.P.C. - Relied on various Supreme Court judgments for the principle that signature on cheque and non-rebuttal of presumption are sufficient for conviction [Para 5].

Legal Analysis by High Court - High Court examined the essentials of offence under Section 138 of the NI Act and the rebuttable presumptions under Sections 118 and 139 - The respondent-accused's probable defense cast doubt on the existence of the debt or liability, shifting the evidential burden back to the complainant [Paras 6-10].

Examination of Facts and Evidence - The High Court observed discrepancies in the complainant's evidence, like absence of signatures on bills and failure to produce relevant documents to prove the sale of timber to the respondent - High Court found the respondent's explanation sufficient to rebut the presumptions under NI Act [Para 11-12].

Appellate Jurisdiction and Conclusion - The High Court emphasized the appellate court's limited scope in disturbing acquittal orders, especially where two reasonable conclusions are possible - Found no illegality or perversity in the trial court’s judgment, hence denied leave to appeal [Paras 13-15].