Declaration of Ownership - Validity of Sale Certificate - Challenge against Financial Commissioner's Order - Appellant's suit seeking declaration of ownership of land dismissed by lower courts - Appeal filed against concurrent findings - Plaintiff claimed ownership based on sale certificate dated 03.01.2005 - Allegations of illegalities in auction process and subsequent procedures - Financial Commissioner's order setting aside auction challenged - Courts below relied on previous judgments dismissing appellant's claims - Appellant argued lack of independent assessment of evidence by lower courts - Allegations of minor status of appellant at time of auction disputed - Voter list presented as evidence of age - Appellant's claim of clerical error in sale certificate rejected by authorities - Previous court orders highlighting defects in auction process upheld - Lack of substantial question of law raised in appeal - Appeal dismissed.

Motor Vehicle Accident - Compensation - Appeal against quantum of compensation awarded by Motor Accident Claims Tribunal (MACT) - Deceased, a 1.5-year-old child, fatally injured in a road accident caused by rash and negligent driving of the respondent - Award of compensation of ₹8,00,000/- granted by MACT - Insurance company, the appellant, sought reduction in compensation amount - Tribunal assessed notional income of deceased at ₹50,000/- per annum and applied multiplier of 15 - Appellant contended for reduction of notional income to ₹25,000/- per annum - Held, losing a child in an accident is an incomprehensible tragedy for parents - No amount of money can adequately compensate for such a loss - Compensation should be assessed based on the potential happiness and support the deceased child would have provided to the claimants - Tribunal's determination of notional income at ₹50,000/- per annum upheld - Appeal dismissed.

Decision: The appeal against the quantum of compensation awarded by the Motor Accident Claims Tribunal (MACT) is dismissed. The Tribunal's assessment of the notional income of the deceased child at ₹50,000/- per annum and the consequent grant of compensation are upheld.

Quashing of Bye-Election Notification – Writ Petition – Challenging validity of Election Commission’s notification for bye-election in Karnal Assembly Constituency – Held: Notification valid – Court finds no infringement of Representation of People’s Act or the Constitution – Writ petition dismissed. [Paras 1-36]

Constitutionality of Bye-Election Notification – Analysis – Considering proviso (a) to Section 151A of Representation of People’s Act, 1951 and Article 164(4) of the Constitution – Court holds that Election Commission can conduct bye-elections even if the remainder of the vacancy is less than one year. [Paras 14, 24, 30]

Interpretation of Section 151A – Held: The non-obstante clause in Section 151A does not bar bye-elections for vacancies with less than a year’s tenure remaining. Bye-elections serve the democratic principle of representation despite short tenures. [Para 20, 23, 25]

Application of Article 164(4) – Constitutional Provision – Mandate for a Minister/Chief Minister to become a legislative member within six months of appointment upheld. Validity of bye-election in Karnal Constituency affirmed, facilitating adherence to Constitutional mandate. [Paras 26-29]

Allegation of Discrimination by Election Commission – Dismissed – Court finds no discrimination in EC’s decision to proceed with bye-election in Karnal, distinguishing it from the situation in Akola West Assembly Constituency. [Para 31]

Public Expenditure and Representational Democracy – Held: Concerns about expenditure and short tenure not sufficient to invalidate the election process. The essence of a representative democracy upheld. [Para 33]

Decision – Writ petition challenging the notification for bye-election in Karnal Assembly Constituency dismissed. The Election Commission’s decision found to be in compliance with statutory and constitutional provisions. [Para 35]

Order VII Rule 11 CPC - Application for rejection of plaint - Limitation - Suit for specific performance of agreement to sell - Plaintiffs alleged extension of time for execution of sale deed and payment of additional consideration - Defendants contended suit barred by limitation - Plaint discloses extension of time and payment of consideration - Whether suit barred by limitation is a debatable question - Merits and demerits of matter not to be gone into at this stage - Averments in plaint to be considered - Suit not barred by limitation on a bare perusal of plaint - Application for rejection of plaint dismissed. [Paras 1-9]

Decision: Revision petition challenging the order dismissing the application for rejection of plaint is devoid of merits and accordingly dismissed. Pending applications, if any, also stand disposed of. [Para 9]

Alleged Non-Disclosure and Health Issues – Appellant's contention that respondent concealed her age and health condition; trial court finds lack of substantive evidence – Inadequate proof of respondent's pre-marriage surgery and health condition; appellant's claims uncorroborated by documents – Allegations deemed as cruelty towards respondent [Paras 3, 5, 30].

Allegations of Cruelty by Respondent – Claims of mental and emotional cruelty by appellant, including respondent's dominance, refusal of sexual relations, and extra-marital affairs – Trial court's observation on the lack of specific incidents or proof to substantiate appellant's claims – High Court finds appellant's allegations amount to cruelty [Paras 22, 34, 36].

Desertion and Property Disputes – Respondent's allegations of being forced out of the matrimonial home and property disputes – Appellant's failure to bring respondent back to matrimonial home or seek restitution of conjugal rights – Court concludes that respondent was compelled to stay at her parents' due to appellant's actions [Paras 37-38, 43].

Duration of Separation – Parties living separately since April 27, 2000 – Long separation underlines irreparable breakdown of marital bond; however, this doesn’t justify dissolution of marriage on grounds of cruelty or desertion by the respondent [Paras 29, 42-43].

Decision: Appeal dismissed – High Court upholds the trial court's judgment dismissing the appellant's petition for dissolution of marriage on grounds of cruelty and desertion [Para 44].

Quashing of FIR and Charge-sheet – Criminal Misc. Application under Section 482 of the Cr.P.C. – Applicant seeks to quash cognizance order and charge sheet for offenses under Sections 376, 313 IPC and Sections 3, 4 POCSO Act – Compromise entered between applicant and victim subsequent to lodging of FIR and summoning by trial court – Applicant contends for quashing based on compromise – Held, power under Section 482 is to be sparingly exercised; objective to secure ends of justice or prevent abuse of court process – Power not to be exercised in heinous and serious offenses or offenses under special statutes like POCSO Act – POCSO Act is a special statute and offenses under it cannot be quashed solely on the basis of compromise – Age of victim, consent immaterial in offenses under POCSO Act – Principles laid down by Supreme Court in Narinder Singh case followed – Compromise arrived after alleged commission of offense, investigation stage, or infancy of evidence may be considered for quashing – However, compromise cannot be a ground for quashing when prosecution evidence is complete or conviction already recorded – Sections charged against applicant not compoundable, hence application for quashing dismissed.

Recovery of Arrears of Maintenance – Enforcement against Deceased's Estate – Criminal Revision Petition challenging the first appellate court's decision to allow recovery of maintenance arrears from deceased's assets – Trial court dismissed maintenance enforcement against deceased – Appellate court allowed recovery from deceased’s assets, including service benefits – High Court upholds recovery right, but sets aside interest awarded on arrears. [Paras 1-19]

Enforcement of Interim Maintenance Order Against Deceased's Estate – Legal Position – Held – Interim maintenance order can be enforced against deceased’s estate – Entitlement of the widow to recover arrears of maintenance from husband's assets reaffirmed – Maintenance arrears deemed recoverable from husband’s service benefits or assets inherited from him. [Paras 13-14, 17]

Interest on Maintenance Arrears – Legal Consideration – High Court sets aside 12% interest on arrears of maintenance awarded by the appellate court – Considered the financial position and circumstances of the mother-in-law (respondent No.3), who has not received any service benefits and is at an advanced age – Interest deemed not legally sustainable. [Paras 18-19]

Final Decision – Partial Allowance of Revision Petition – High Court partially allows revision petition – Confirms entitlement of petitioner for maintenance arrears but sets aside grant of interest – Judgment and order of first appellate court modified accordingly.

Arbitration Agreement - Referral to Arbitration - Interpretation of Section 8 of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 - Petitioner sought reference to arbitration pursuant to an arbitration clause in the agreement governing their relationship - Trial Court rejected the application, citing failure to produce original or duly certified copy of the agreement - Petitioner contended that a duly certified copy of the agreement, attested by a Notary Public, was provided, fulfilling the statutory requirement - Held, Trial Court's refusal to refer the dispute to arbitration was erroneous - Section 8 mandates referral to arbitration upon satisfaction of specified conditions, including existence of an arbitration agreement and timely application by a party - Once prerequisites are met, Court has no discretion but to refer the parties to arbitration - Court must not delve into detailed analysis of agreement's terms, but ensure prima facie validity of arbitration clause - Compliance with Section 8(2) satisfied, rendering Court empowered to refer the matter to arbitration - Trial Court directed to refer the matter to arbitrator within specified timeframe - Revisional application allowed.

Bail under Section 439 Cr.P.C. – Petition for grant of regular bail – Offences under Sections 21/61/85 of Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985 – Petitioner found in possession of 950 intoxicating capsules – Allegation of Tramadol Hydrochloride weighing 608 grams – Petitioner contends discrepancies in signature language on notice under Section 50 NDPS Act and FIR – Respondent asserts typographical error – Court refrains from delving into veracity of notice but acknowledges signature mismatch – Petitioner's first-time offender status and concluded investigation considered – Bail granted with stringent conditions. [Paras 1-11]

Interpretation of Notice under Section 50 NDPS Act – Mismatch in language of petitioner's signature – Respondent explains typographical error by investigating officer – Court refrains from adjudicating on notice's authenticity but notes discrepancy – Signature language inconsistency observed. [Paras 4-7]

Grant of Bail – Considerations – Petitioner's incarceration period, first-time offender status, and concluded investigation weighed – Bail granted with stringent conditions to prevent misuse and ensure trial attendance – No expression of opinion on case merits. [Paras 8-11]